Lesson 7

H1 vs H2 vs H3: Clear Rules (No Myths)

What you’ll learn

By the end of this lesson, you’ll understand:

What H1, H2, and H3 headings are for
How they should be used on a page
Which common “rules” are outdated or misleading

What headings actually do

Headings help:

  • Search engines understand structure and hierarchy
  • Readers scan and navigate content
  • You organise ideas clearly

They are structural tools, not ranking tricks.

The role of the H1

The H1 is the main heading of the page.

It should:

  • Describe the primary topic of the page
  • Match the page’s overall purpose
  • Appear once in most cases

Think of the H1 as:

The title of the document, written for humans

It does not need to:

  • Exactly match the page title
  • Contain keywords unnaturally
  • Be overly long or clever

Clarity matters more than optimisation.

The role of H2s

H2s break the page into major sections.

They:

  • Support the main topic
  • Introduce subtopics
  • Help readers scan the page

Each H2 should represent a clear subsection of the page’s main idea.

If the H1 answers:

“What is this page about?”

Then H2s answer:

“What are the key parts of this topic?”

The role of H3s (and beyond)

H3s are used to:

  • Break down H2 sections further
  • Group related ideas within a section

They should only be used under an H2, not on their own.

You don’t need to use H3s on every page.
Use them when they help clarity — not because you feel you “should”.

Common myths to ignore

You may hear that:

  • You can only have one H1 (usually true, but not worth stressing over)
  • Headings must include keywords
  • Heading order affects rankings directly

In practice:

  • Structure and clarity matter far more than strict rules
  • Search engines are flexible
  • Humans are not

Write for humans first.

A simple hierarchy to remember

Most pages work well with:

  • One H1
  • Several H2s
  • Occasional H3s

If the structure makes sense when you read it out loud, you’re doing it right.